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Clean Master (Cleaner) 3.8.6 APK

Clean Master (Cleaner)

Clean Master help you clean up your phone, delete and unplug wasteful apps and even poems you to move recently downloaded items to SD card. Download apk file and make your Android device run much faster and smoother! Over 50,000,000 people already installed Free Clean Master. Join them now see what it can do for you:

[Junk Files] - Clean Cache and Residual Files
On Android devices, cache and residual files can build up and occupy gigabytes of your phone’s space. Cleaning junk files can help free up memory on your device and SD card.

[Memory Boost] - Increase memory and speed up your device
Tasks running in the background not only occupy system RAM, but also waste your battery life. Memory Boost can stop other apps that are running in the background and free up more RAM to speed up your Android device. This includes a shortcut called "1 Tap Boost", easily accessible from your home screen. Running Android apps and play games faster ever than before!

[Privacy] - Delete History
Privacy is important and many of your apps silently record your personal data, such as your web browser data, Google search history, and more. Clean Master can erase this information and keep your personal data secure.

[App Manager] - Uninstaller, Backup, Move to SD
An uninstaller that is an improvement over the default Android version, which is also able to create backup .apk files. Some rooted users will also be able to move apps to their SD card as well as uninstall pre-installed and system apps.

[Widget] - Memory Booster Widget

A handy widget that allows you to instantly boost your phone’s memory from a easy widget. To enable the widget, just touch the homescreen with a long hold until a window appears, then scroll down and select the Clean Master Widget.

What's New in version 3.8.6?
1. Fix crash issue on Android 4.4 device (Nexus 4, Nexus 5, Samsing Note 2, Galaxy S3, S4 etc)
2. New algorithm to identify rarely used apps in App Manager.
3. New Privacy items supported.
4. Optimized Memory Boost to smartly kill more tasks.
5. Other bug fixes.

Requires Android: 2.1+
Download file: 7.8MB (Clean Master v3.8.6 APK)

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BADLAND 1.702 APK

BADLAND

This game is really good, fun and the perfect amount of challenge. Unlike some iOS ports, this game works perfectly on Android devices, even on some older ones it runs smoothly. Graphics are amazing, perfect contrast of vivid landscape and dark foreground. BADLAND is unique gameplay and atmosphere make it a must-download for your Android phones and tablets. Download apk file and standout game that you can’t stop playing!

BADLAND is an award-winning atmospheric sidescrolling action adventure platformer taking place in a gorgeous forest full of various inhabitants, trees and flowers. Although the forest looks like it’s from some beautiful fairytale, there seems to be something terribly wrong. The player controls one of the forest’s inhabitants to discover what’s going on. Through his journey he discovers astonishing amount of imaginative traps and obstacles.

BADLAND takes side-scrollers to the next level with its innovative physics based gameplay combined with the extremely beautiful atmospheric graphics and audio. BADLAND also features highly original local multiplayer for up to four players playing with the same device. The multiplayer is all about survival of the fittest with no rules. It’s completely okay to push your rivals to spinning circular saws in order to survive.

Game features: 
- Single-player campaign with 80 truly unique levels and more coming in updates
- Multiplayer mode for up to four players playing with the same device in 21 levels and more coming in updates
- Intuitive one-touch controls combined with innovative level design
- Highly immersive audio-visual gaming experience
- 100% indie game
- Supports Android phones and tablets
- More levels and content coming in updates

Requires Android: 2.3.3+
Download file: 34.5MB (BADLAND v1.702 APK)

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Bible for Kids 1.01 APK

Bible for Kids

Fantastic android app for kids! Download apk file and get kids excited about discovering the truth of God's Word! This app will introduce kids all across the world to the Bible in an interactive and fun. The graphics are excellent and the narration is simple. Bible for Kids is going to be apart of your home school program!

The Bible App for Kids is the newest member of the YouVersion family of apps. Available now for Android smartphones and tablets! Through interactive adventures and beautiful animations, kids explore the big stories of the Bible. The Bible App for Kids is a delight-filled experience designed to encourage kids to return again and again. It’s the beginning of a lifelong love of God’s Word.

App features:
- Easy, kid-friendly navigation
- Colorful illustrations
- Touch-activated animations
- Engaging, interactive content that brings the Bible to life
- Fun facts and activities designed to help kids remember what they learn
- Special challenges that let kids earn rewards

Requires Android: 2.2+
Download file: 27MB (Bible for Kids v1.01 APK)

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Using Axial Lighting for Photographing Coins


Axial lighting is ideal for photographing coins; with it there are no actual shadows, only brighter and darker areas, depending on how much light is reflected back to the camera.

Here’s my setup for photographing coins using axial lighting.


Coin Photography Tutorial
Coin Photography Tutorial


The setup is very easy to make, make a foamcore box, keep one of the sides and top open,  line rest of the box with black velvet (it absorbs stray light preventing unwanted reflections and increasing contrast). Mount a thin piece of glass in it at a 45-degree angle and you are ready to roll.

The camera is mounted on a copy stand, aimed down into the open top of the box.

When light is shined from the open side of the box, it strikes the glass and is reflected down to to the coin which rests on the bottom. The effect is as if the light were coming directly from the axis of the camera lens.

The photo given below shows the results of this lighting...


How to photograph coins
How to photograph coins


With this lighting, any surface perpendicular to the lens reflects the light brightly. Any surface angled away from this axis shows up as increasingly darker.

The light in this case is a focused LED flashlight. The narrow beam also helps to avoid stray reflections. The important thing to remember is to place the light parallel to the sensor plane.

Coin Photography - Axial Lighting Setup
Coin Photography - Axial Lighting Setup


If you are using continuous light sources it is much easier as you can change the tilt angle of the glass and observe the lighting change and thus find the best lighting that suits your need.

To check the angle of the light, substitute a small, flat mirror for the coin. The light should be bright and clearly visible in the viewfinder of the camera.

Enjoy: Jim Salvas

Related Reading


  1. Infinity Focusing – What is it? How does it work? How to manually set a lens without a distance scale to Focus on Infinity?
  2. DIY Flash Extender for Macro Photography
  3. Relationship Between F-Stop Numbers and the Size of the Diaphragm Opening Explained
  4. Making Sense of the Odd Progression of the F-Stop Scale?
  5. Complete Guide to Choosing Macro Lenses

Sonic Dash 1.8.0 APK

Sonic Dash

The Sonic game which started it all is now optimized for Android! Sonic Dash brings back SEGA memories, this game is addicting and feels like sonic should. Great addition to any Sonic fan's collection! Download apk file and play the world famous Sonic the Hedgehog stars on your mobile and tablet.

Play as Sonic the Hedgehog as you dash, jump and spin your way across stunning 3D environments. Swipe your way over and under challenging obstacles in this fast and frenzied endless running game. Unleash Sonic’s incredible dash move that allows you to run at insane speed and destroy everything in your path! Utilise Sonic’s powers to dodge hazards, jump over barriers and speed around loop de loops. Plus defeat enemies using Sonic’s devastating homing attack!

Sonic’s beautifully detailed world comes to life on mobile and tablet – never has an endless runner looked so good! Choose to play as one of Sonic’s friends, including Tails, Shadow and Knuckles. Unlock, win ingenious power-ups to help you run further. Including head starts, shields, ring magnets and unique score boosters! Get more rewards the more you play! Level up your score multiplier by completing unique missions, or win amazing prizes including Red Star Rings & additional characters by completing Daily Challenges and playing the Daily Spin.

Requires Android: 2.3.3+
Download file: 42MB (Sonic Dash v1.8.0 APK)

Download android app

Infinity Focusing – What is it? How does it work? How to manually set a lens without a distance scale to Focus on Infinity?

Infinity Focusing
Infinity Focusing

What does Infinity Focus Mean?


In photography, infinity focus is when the lens forms a sharp image of an object an infinite distance away from the camera.

How Does Infinity Focus Work?


Infinity is the distance from which light rays striking the lens appear as parallel rays rather than diverging rays. Therefore when you are focused at infinity any objects located farther from the point of focus would also be in acceptable focus, there is no need to adjust focus.  Thus Infinity on a camera lens is a point at which no more adjustment needs to be made for objects that are further away to be in focus.

The reason why this work is because when the camera lens is focused at a point very far away; the lens perceives the light rays as parallel rays as it is unable detect any further narrowing of the angle of the beams of light being focused. So anything from infinity onwards will be in focus as far as the lens is concerned.

When would I want to use infinity focus? What's its purpose?


Infinity focus is used for when shooting something that is hard to focus on especially at night or in dimly lit situations.  Examples would be fireworks, a lightning storm (way off in the distance), astrophotography or distant landscapes.

How to focus at infinity?


Some lenses feature a distance scale and they have this infinity symbol printed on them. It is easy to set these lenses to infinity as all you have to do is align the focus to the infinity symbol.  This is usually done by turning the lens focusing ring either all the way to the right or all the way to the left. As usual Nikon and Canon lenses work in opposite directions to each other.

Beware Some Lenses can Focus Beyond Infinity



How to Focus at Infinity
How to Focus at Infinity


Yes it is true some lenses could indeed focus beyond infinity. This is found mainly on moderately new lenses. The reason why lenses could focus beyond infinity is because the point of focus changes with amongst other things the temperature of the lens. So this feature is helpful to get accurate focus even if high temperatures distort the lens and shift the infinity focus-point.

Another reason for making lenses with travel beyond infinity is to make matters easier for the lenses auto focus mechanisms as additional travel beyond infinity makes sure that the AF motor will not bump against a hard stop while attempting to focus on infinity. This is reason why most Canon lenses go past the infinity mark.

For all lenses that just stop sharply at infinity setting infinity focus means to turn the focusing ring all the way to the right or the left (depending on camera make). Pay attention to the type of lens you are using if you are using a lens that could go beyond infinity you might need to turn the focusing ring all the way to the right or left (depending upon your camera make) and pull back the focus slightly to get it right at infinity.

How to manually set a lens without a distance scale to Focus on Infinity?


It’s much easier than you expected'

if its day time, just point the camera towards a distant object, a tree, post, or even clouds and let the camera auto focus. Once focus is achieved either lock focus or shift the lens to manual focus.

If it’s dark find a distant light source and focus on it, you could always use the moon if its visible, modern cameras auto focus systems are so good that they could easily focus on the planets or even the stars.

If in doubt, point your camera towards any distant light source, shift to live view, zoom your LCD display and turn focus ring till you get the light source in perfect focus.

Zoom Lenses and Infinity Focusing


One thing to remember while using infinity focusing on zoom lenses is that there are two types of zoom lenses Parfocal and Varifocal.


Parfocal Zoom Lens
Canon EF 24-70mm f/2.8L II USM - Parfocal Zoom Lens


Parfocal lenses do not shift focus when the focal length is changed. So once you have set a parfocal zoom lens to infinity you need not re adjust it even if you zoom in or out.

Varifocal Zoom Lens
Canon EF 24-105mm f/4 L IS USM - Varifocal Zoom Lens


Varifocal zoom lenses focus at infinity at different positions on the focus mechanism depending on the focal length selected; so if focal distance is changed you need to re  adjust the focus.

Related Reading


  1. DIY Flash Extender for Macro Photography
  2. Relationship Between F-Stop Numbers and the Size of the Diaphragm Opening Explained
  3. Making Sense of the Odd Progression of the F-Stop Scale?
  4. Complete Guide to Choosing Macro Lenses
  5. DIY Flash Modifier

Hunger Games: Panem Run 1.0.5 APK

Hunger Games: Panem Run

The best Temple Run game is now available for Android phones and tablets! This is Hunger Games: Panem Run! Play different arrows, different Districts to run in, and multiplayer functions. Various maps of districts really attracting to play none stop. Challenge and outrun your Friends through Panem while collecting sparks and resources to empower your District.

Unrest is afoot in the Districts, and you’re in the thick of it in this social endless runner! Build hope for the oppressed by running through three of the 12 Districts in randomly generated levels, with more Districts becoming available soon! Collect sparks and materials that can be synthesized as power-ups and participate in a global-wide competition to achieve the #1 position!

Game features:
- EXPLORE the Districts of Panem
- RUN ENDLESSLY as a member of your current District
- CHALLENGE AND GIFT resources to friends
- COMPETE to be on top of the leaderboard
- DODGE, JUMP AND SMASH through obstacles

Requires Android: 2.3.3+

Download apk file

DIY Flash Extender for Macro Photography


Anyone who has tried shooting close up or macro using the pop up flash on top of the camera might have encountered this problem at some time. When working distance is very small (usually in millimeters with high magnification) the lens blocks the light from the flash, casting a shadow of it on the subject and ruins the shot. This is more pronounced with longer lenses or with a close up attachment, as I had fitted here.


diy flash extender
diy flash extender


In the example given above the first picture (on the left) is taken using our diy flash extender and the one on the right is taken without it.

A quick fix solution to the problem is to extend the flash forward, so it provides light near the end of the lens. To extend the flash what I have used is a simple disposable paper coffee cup attached to the pop-up flash. This brings the light source forward and by leaving the domed plastic cap on the cup, provides a diffused light source close to the end of the lens.

This is how the set up looks.


diy flash extender for macro photography
diy flash extender for macro photography


Our diy flash extender is made from a paper coffee cup, cut a hole on the side of the cup near the bottom. The hole should only be large enough to let the pop up flash head in.

Probably worth mentioning, I have not used anything other than gravity to hold the cup on the camera here. In a studio situation, nothing more is really needed. But if going out and about, a couple of rubber bands will hold it in place. I use one around the base of the cup and hooked under the eyecap on the viewfinder, with a second around the lens and cup.

When we compare the 2 shots there are some obvious side effects to our techniques. Firstly, the amount of light is reduced, which is not such a bad thing when working in this close as you have plenty of flash power. The second is that due to the reduced light and the fact that the light is passing through the plastic lid of the cup, there is also a strong color cast to the picture. This is easy to fix by setting a custom white balance to match the light, or in editing afterwards; no big deal if you shoot RAW. I left it unaltered here to show the effect.

For longer lenses you will need some attachment that is longer enough to get the light where you need it (a Pringles can could be a good choice if you could find a way to cut through the metal base of the can).

Have been playing a bit more with extending the pop-up flash for close up work and decided to do a comparison between using a paper coffee cup and a Pringles tube version.


diy flash extender for macro photography using pringles can
diy flash extender for macro photography using pringles can


Hopefully this shot shows how simple this is to do. The only modification required to the Pringles tube, is to cut a hole for the pop-up flash to fit into. On my Canon, the hole is a 45mm by 20mm rectangle, though you might need to vary this for different cameras. Then it just slots onto the top and is retained at the rear by a rubber band which is hooked under the rubber eye cup on the viewfinder to hold it securely in place.

As can be seen, this is a bit long for use with the 18-55mm kit lens on the camera and for really close macro work, may cause problems. A little further away though, it works fine, as can be seen below.


pringles can macro diffuser result
pringles can macro diffuser result

A giftwrap ribbon rosette being used as a test subject for an extender on the cameras pop-up flash. This one is taken with a Pringles tube placed on the flash to bring the light source forward and diffuse it.This prevents a shadow being caused by the cameras lens when working in close and also softens the shadows which are typical when using the on-board flash. It should be noted, that the addition of the tube does introduce a very slight hint of color to the image, but that is easily dealt with by using a custom white balance setting, or correcting in editing which was done here. The color shift is less with the Pringles tube, than with the paper cup version of this.

Also shown below, is a similar shot taken with a paper coffee cup version of the extender for comparison.


paper coffee cup macro flash diffuser result
paper coffee cup macro flash diffuser result


Hopefully this will be useful to some of you. 


Related Reading


  1. DIY Flash Modifier
  2. DIY Flash Diffuser for Macro Photography Made from Coco Cola Cans
  3. How to Make a DIY Ring Flash Video Tutorial


Candy Crush Saga APK

Candy Crush Saga

The world's most addictive mobile game, Candy Crush Saga! This is a terribly addictive game designed to prey on the uncertainties of obsessive and compulsive people.  On November 26th, 2013 Candy Crush Saga has just been updated with more levels and here is apk file latest version of the game.

Easy to get the hang of and the levels get more challenging as you go along so you never get bored. Switch and match your way through more than 400 levels in this delicious and addictive puzzle adventure. The super hit game Candy Crush Saga is now available for Android phones and tablets!

Game features: 
- Tasty graphics that will leave you hungry for more 
- Easy and fun to play, but a challenge to fully master 
- Over 400 sweet levels 
- Leaderboards for you and your friends 
- Items to unlock by completing levels 
- Boosters and charms to help with those challenging levels 
- Seamless synchronization with the Facebook version

What's New?
Tiffi tries to teach somebody a lesson in Cherry Chateau, the latest Candy Crush episode for players on the go!
- With 485 sugary sweet levels.
Don’t forget to update to the latest version for all the latest features of the game.

Requires Android: 2.2+
Download File: 44MB (Candy Crush Saga APK)

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Special Force Sniper 1.1 APK

Special Force Sniper

Terrorists are back now! Play Special Force Sniper and kill your opponents before they defeat you! Shoot all the terrorists to complete your mission. Prove your shooting and reaction skills in this new challenge game for Android. Train in becoming the ultimate and the best sniper!

As the elite sniper of Special Force, you must stop them once again! Just remember, a top sniper can fight by himself with a whole army!
Choose between six different scenes and show us your assassination skills.
Use your finger to aim and shoot! Good luck!

Requires Android: 1.6+
Download file: 2.3MB (Special Force Sniper v1.1 APK)

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MomentCam 魔漫相机 - Android App Review


  MomentCam 魔漫相机 - Android App Review



MomentCam 魔漫相机 - Android App Review . A very interesting camera app that transforms pics of people into stylized cartoons. The newest version of MomentCam (in English!) can access images from your SD card, transform them into several types of cartoons with limited editing capabilities and let's you share your newly created cartoon images on Facebook and Twitter.

With a simple interface, a very stable app and a nice collection of templates and designs, MomentCam does exactly what it said it would do - turn pictures into funny and cute cartoons with minimal user input and no fuss. Out of the cartoon making apps on Google Play, MomentCam is one of the easiest to use and give some of the best results we've seen so far.

MomentCam 魔漫相机 - Android App Review
MomentCam 魔漫相机 - Android App Review



Most of our reviewers loved MomentCam. Producing cartoons is  very easy, even for the non technical people and the results are usually fun and interesting. Creating cartoons and anime type images from existing pictures gives great results. 


MomentCam 魔漫相机 - Android App Review
MomentCam 魔漫相机 - Android App Review
Of course, there are a few problems. Some of the reviewers would have wanted more colors and cartoons options while others would have preferred other designs that do not mate a large head to a small body. We understand this is a cartoon, but still, other types of cartoons exist.

Others would have preferred to have more options for editing faces, since this app DOES concentrate on the face. A few remarks they would have liked to be able to add more faces to a cartoon, like a couple in love designs or similar templates ...

MomentCam 魔漫相机 - Android App Review  cartoon
MomentCam 魔漫相机 - Android App Review  cartoon










  • Score: A 4.5. The app does exactly what it's supposed to but we would have liked to have a few more options in it ...
  • Description: A cartoon creation app that lets you create a cartoon by combining the image of a face with a predefined template. 
  • Good Points: Simple interface. Good, interesting (and funny) results.
  • Bad Points: A few bugs, hopefully fixed in current versions, like the inability to create more than ten cartoons (in a few cases) or the inability to edit images from the SD card (happened to a reviewer or two). Not a lot of editing tools and not a lot of cartoon templates to choose from.
  • Experience: The time from installing to first successful use is very short - everyone learnt to use it pretty fast and then images of cartoons flew all over the place. 
  • Longevity: about one month to several months of heavy use and then only occasionally since currently the number of cartoon templates is pretty limited. Most reviewers left the app installed and then used it only occasionally after the first review period.
  • Google Play Link - MomentCam 魔漫相机 - Android App Review
  • Google Play Score: 4.2

Glory Wings 1.2 APK

Glory Wings

This is Glory Wings, the ultimate air combat game! it's a really addictive arcade game for android. Download app and challenging to pass on to the next level! Glory Wings is #1 vertical scrolling shooter game for you to enjoy the charm and power of the best jet fighter domination race available on Android.

Glory Wings puts you in the pilot seat of a heavily-armed aircraft. As an ace pilot, your mission is to destroy the entire enemy air fleet. Now strategically fire your powerful guns to slay endless waves of enemy planes and protect yourself from enemy fire. You can also collect a series of power-ups during the game play, especially one of them allowing the plane to be escorted by two other smaller fighters in a Tip Tow formation. Now let's shoot 'em up together!

Game Features:
- 6 aircrafts and tons of upgrades to choose from
- 7 challenging missions spanning four unique planets
- Gorgeous artwork and superb gameplay

Requires Android: 2.1+
Download file: 8MB (Glory Wings v1.2 APK)

Download app

Relationship Between F-Stop Numbers and the Size of the Diaphragm Opening Explained


After we published this article Making Sense of the Odd Progression of the F-Stop Scale? I got a handful of e-mails mainly asking doubts like;

  • Do f-stop numbers represent a specific size of lens opening?
  • Do all lenses set to a specific aperture let in the same amount of light? etc

So in this post we will discuss the relation between f-stop numbers and the actual diaphragm openings.

What is a Diaphragm?



Iris Diaphragm
Iris Diaphragm animation courtesy: Wikipedia


In photography, a diaphragm is a device that controls effective diameter of the lens opening and is called the “aperture” or “iris” of the lens. Diaphragm is located within the lens and is made up of a series of metal blades that form a circle. The adjustable diameter of the aperture is how the camera regulates the amount of light that pass through the lens to the sensor.

How are F-Stop numbers and Aperture Diameters Related?


The formula to find f-stop is:

f-stop = focal length / diameter of lens opening


What are F-Stops?


F-stops are a measure of the aperture of a lens; they express the ratio of focal length to apparent lens aperture. F-stops tell us how wide the opening of the iris is.

What is Focal Length?



Focal Length
Focal Length


Focal length of a lens is the distance between the optical center of the lens and the sensor plane.

So when trying to figure out the actual diameter of the diaphragm opening we should also consider the focal length of the lens in addition to the f/number.

f/2 = focal length / 2 
f/4 = focal length / 4 
f/5.6 = focal length / 5.6 and so on.

Let us try the formula on two different lenses one a 50mm and another 100mm.


Canon 50mm f/1.8 and Canon 100mm f/2.8 both set to f/2.8
Canon 50mm f/1.8 and Canon 100mm f/2.8 both set to f/2.8


f/2 for a 50mm lens will be a lens opening of 25mm. (50/2). And
f/2 for a 100mm lens will be a lens opening of 50mm. (100/2).

It is clear that when the focal length increases so does the diameter of the diaphragm. In this case when focal length increased from 50mm to 100mm the size of the diaphragm doubled from 25mm to 50mm.

But to determine the amount of light reaching the sensor shouldn’t we be considering the area of the circle instead of its diameter.

Let us have a look our two lenses, the 50mm and the 100mm

The 50mm lens when set to f/2 has a diameter of 25mm or radius of 25/2 = 12.5mm and
The 100mm lens when set to f/2 has a diameter of 50mm or radius of 50/2 = 25mm.

Applying the formula A=πr^2 (read π r squared)

The area of our 50mm lens set to f/2 will be 3.14 x 12,5² = 490,6 mm² and
The area of our 100mm lens set to f/2 will be 3.14 x 25² = 1962,5 mm²

From the above example it is clear that at an aperture of f/2 the 100mm lens has a diaphragm opening which is 4 times bigger than the 50mm lens which is also set to f/2 (1962.5 / 490.6 = 4).

Why is the Aperture area 4 times bigger when the focal length is doubled?


The aperture is 4 times bigger because the area varies in relation to the square of the radius. So doubling the radius is the same as saying 2² which is 4.

How does two diaphragm sizes one 4 times bigger than the other let in the same amount of light?


It might sound confusing at first but the answer to this question lies partly in mathematics and partly in physics.  First focal length plays an important role in deter mining the amount of light and then there is the Inverse Square Law.

Inverse square law



Inverse Square Law image courtesy: Wikipedia


Inverse square law states that some physical quantity or strength is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source of that physical quantity.

To put matters simply as per Inverse square law, the power of the light will be inversely proportional to the square of the distance.

For example

When a distance of 2 is squared we get 4 the inverse of which is ¼. Meaning when light travels double the distance the power of light is reduced to ¼.

Summing Up


To conclude let us state some bare facts.

  1. F-stop numbers does not refer to any particular size of aperture it is the ratio of focal length to apparent lens aperture.
  2. Same f-stop number when set on different focal length lenses will have different diaphragm sizes.
  3. Same f-stop numbers set on different lenses will let in exactly the same amount of light irrespective of the size of their aperture opening.
  4. At any aperture when focal length is doubled the size of diaphragm increases 4 times.

Related Reading


    Truck Parking Madness 3D 1.0 APK

    Truck Parking Madness 3D

    One of the best simulation game, take control of your trucks and test your driving skills! Challenging trucking simulation games for Android. Gameplay is addictive, a really fun and challenging 3D Truck Parking game. If you love trucks or parking games, you will love Truck Parking Madness. Download apk file and play the real simulation of virtual driving!

    Game Features:
    - Over 30 challenging levels
    - Gorgeous 3D graphics
    - Fun and unique gameplay

    Requires Android: 2.1+
    Download file: 27MB (Truck Parking Madness 3D v1.0 APK)

    Download app

    Flipagram 1.0.66 APK

    Flipagram

    Photos are always on reversed chronological order even though selections are made chronologically - useful when it's to document a journey. Download Flipagram and create beautiful short video stories using your Instagram and Gallery photos. Let's create moments and set to music you love!

    Create your Flipagram in 3 easy steps: 
    1. Select - Moments / photos from your Gallery or Instagram. 
    2. Create - Sort Moments, Choose Title, Select Music and Set Timing of Flips 
    3. Share - #flipagram on Instagram, Facebook, YouTube, email and more!

    App features:
    - INSTANT PREVIEW! View your Flipagram as you make changes. 
    - "Auto Time For Instagram" 
    - Or set your own timing to any length 
    - Ability to duplicate, delete, or crop photos. 
    - Optional title display with numerous font selections. 
    - Option to add a soundtrack from your music library. 
    - Adjust audio starting point. 
    - Video duration display.

    Requires Android: 4.1+
    Dowload file: 18MB (Flipagram v1.0.66 APK)

    Download app

    Making Sense of the Odd Progression of the F-Stop Scale?


    We all know that aperture of a lens is marked with f/stop numbers that work in stop values where numbers in the progression represent doubles and halves. If you look at a standard f/stop series the values are:

    f/1, f/1.4, f/2, f/2.8, f/4, f/5.6, f/8, f/11, f/16, f/22 and f/32.

    It is clear that the numbers themselves are not doubles and halves then on what basis are these values used.


    Aperture
    Aperture


    Why such a weird progression of numbers?



    Area of a Circle
    Area of a Circle


    The f/stop sequence represents the varying hole size in a lens (the aperture) through which light passes. Each aperture allows twice as much or half as much light to pass as the preceding or following aperture. The aperture is in the shape of a circle and to make each aperture double or halve the amount of light the area of the circle should be doubled or halved. F-stop numbers are actually fractions and thinking of them as fractions is the easiest way to understand why the larger numbers represents smaller lens openings and vice versa ( ½ is a lot larger than 1/22). Thus f/2 represents a fairly large hole that admits a lot of light while f/22 is quite a small opening admitting only a small amount of light.

    If you look closely at the aperture scale you will find that each number is 1.4 times the preceding.


    Since apertures are holes in the lens which is circular in shape we could use the following formula to calculate the area of a circle.

    Area of a Circle (A) = πr^2  (kindly read "r^2" as r squared)

    Where A = Area, r = radius, π = 3.14

    So 2 πr^2 = πx^2. Solve for x and you get the square root of 2 (which is 1.414) times the radius.

    For example


    Lens Aperture
    Lens Aperture


    Let us assume that at a given aperture the size of the lens opening (read area of the circle) is 3.14.

    i.e πr^2= 3.14 that translates to 3.14 x r^2= 3.14 so r^2= 3.14/3.14 = 1. Therefore r = √1 = 1.

    so we have a circle with an area of 3.14(mm or cm or any other measure) and a radius of 1 (again any measure).

    Now let us see what happens when we double the area of the circle.

    New area = 3.14 x 2 = 6.28 now let’s find out the radius of our new circle

    6.28 = 3.14 x r^2 i.e. r^2 = 6.28/3.14 = 2 therefore r = √2 = 1.4

    Thus it is clear that the diameter varies as the squared root of the area. When we double the area the diameter will be 1.4 times (which is √2 )  larger and that is how the aperture scale is built using the multiplication function.

    f/1 x 1.414 = f/1.4
    f/1.4 x 1.414 = f/2
    f/2 x 1.404 = f/2.8
    f/2.8 x 1.414 = f/4 and so on….

    Wow the f stop sequence of numbers.

    App Ops 4.3 / 4.4 KitKat APK

    App Ops 4.3 / 4.4 KitKat

    App Ops is a must-have utility that allows you to put restraints on any app. It's extremely reliable, and provide more information that other similar apps for Android 4.3. Download app and feel a lot more in control of what is going on in your device. This is the newest way to launch the native App Ops on your Android 4.4 KitKat phone and tablet, or (for rooted users) of installing the extended version of App Ops!
    App Ops X Installer will install an eXtended version of AppOps on your Android 4.3 or 4.4 (KitKat) phone. It's the same App Ops you know, only recompiled and with new features slowly being added.

    App Ops is a system settings app which allows you to revoke permissions on a per-app basis on your phone or tablet. This app was included by default on Android 4.3 but hidden, and then completely made unaccessible in Android 4.4. Color Tiger has recompiled this app, added a few improvements like a search button (with more to come later) and now you can install it on your device too.

    Download file: 224KB (App Ops 4.3 / 4.4 KitKat v1.0.2 APK)

    Download app

    Xbox One SmartGlass 2.0 APK

    Xbox One SmartGlass

    Now the tablet can connects directly to the xbox, making this a much faster experience navigate your Xbox One console using your device’s keyboard and touch. This has everything you need right on your phone or tablet. You can browse the web on your TV using your mobile device. Enhance what you are watching or playing with SmartGlass companions and increase performance with faster connections and reliability. Download app and  control your media and set top box with the SmartGlass remote control!

    In the living room and on the go:
    Search, browse, and pin content to play on your Xbox One console
    Track achievements, get game help, message friends, and watch game DVR clips

    Note:
    This app requires an Xbox membership to sign in. Available for most Android 4.0+ smartphones, with WVGA screen resolution or higher, plus 7"" and 10"" Tablets "

    What's New in version 2.0?
    • Help: Get contextual system and game help
    • Pin: Find content, pin it in SmartGlass, and it’s there on your Xbox One when you get home
    • Game DVR: Watch you and your friends game DVR clips at home or on-the-go
    • Xbox LIVE: Stay connected to your Xbox One friends anywhere: send messages, check your Achievements and game progress, at home or on-the-go
    • Companions: Games, movies, TV, and sports on Xbox One are better with companions that enhance what you’re watching or playing.

    Requires Android: 4.0+
    Download file: 14MB (Xbox One SmartGlass v2.0 APK)

    Download app

    iFhone 5S Lock Theme 1.2.1 APK

    iPhone 5S Lock Theme for Android

    If you don't like the original theme from your Android phone, then here is another great theme app. This is absolutely good themes makes android feel like iPhone. Great app that looks identical to the 5s lock screen. Enjoy the latest iPhone 5S lockscreen theme with this amazing app. For those bored of Android Jellybean lockscreen, and want the iOS7 lock for free. Great graphics and smooth animation. Download apk file and got your android as an iPhone!

    App Features:
    - Slide To Unlock
    - iPhone 5S Password Protection
    - Set Your Welcome Message
    - iPhone 5S Fonts
    - iPhone 5S Control Center
    - Custom App Shortcut
    - Notification Bar On/Off
    - Custom Background Choose

    - iPhone 5S Wallpapers

    Requires Android: 2.2+
    Download file: 3.3MB (iFhone 5S Lock Theme v1.2.1 APK)

    Download app

    Complete Guide to Choosing Macro Lenses


    Macro Lenses
    Macro Lenses


    What is a macro lens?


    There are many lenses out there in the market which have a symbol of a small flower indicating macro. However those lenses are not macro lenses in true sense. In order to qualify as a true macro lens it should be able to produce life size (1:1) magnification on the camera sensor. Any lens which is capable of reasonable subject magnification but is not capable of achieving 1:1 is called close up lenses and not macro lenses.

    What is Life Size (1:1) Magnification?


    Magnification or magnification ratio is the ratio between the size of the subject (in focus at the closest focusing distance) and its size on the image sensor. So if a subject measuring 1cm in reality appears the same size in the sensor it is called life size or 1:1 magnification.


    Lens magnification
    Lens magnification


    If an object is 100cm in reality but its projected size is only 1cm on the image sensor then magnification of the lens will be 1cm/100cm or 1/100. Similarly if a subject that is 10cm long and its projected size is only 2cm on the image sensor then the lens magnification will be 2cm/10cm or 2/10.

    Magnification of lenses is notated using a colon; so the above examples will be noted as 1:100 and 2:10 respectively.

    A ratio of 2:10 means that in reality the subject is five times larger than its projection on the image sensor.

    Macro Lenses are Flat Field Lenses


    Generally all lenses except macro lenses are curved field lenses and images shot with them will have a field curvature; meaning the point of focus will be slightly different at the corners than the center. 
      

    Flat Field Lens
    Flat Field Lens


    In the illustration given above first one is a normal lens which has a curved field and as a result if you focus the lens on the green star in the center, then the stars on the corners will be out of focus due to the field curvature of the lens. If the stars were in the position indicated by the red stars then they would be in focus too.

    The second lens in the illustration is a flat field lens and you could see that all the three stars, the one in the center and those towards the corners are all in sharp focus. This is extremely important when photographing small objects such as postage stamps as we need to get both the center and corners in sharp focus.

    Having a flat field lens might not be that important for other types of photography, some genres of photography like portraiture could actually benefit from a little field curvature and in certain situations it is also possible to reduce the side effects of field curvature by stopping down the lens to a narrow aperture. But this is not possible in all situations and depending on the lens you're using and how close the lens is to your subject, the edges might still be soft even after you stop down to smaller apertures.

    Magnification and Sensor Size


    Before going into details let us first clarify one important point which many people often confuse; when we talk about magnification of macro lenses we are actually referring to the magnification at the sensor plane and not about the size of the image on a print or when viewed on a computer screen.

    Another important point of confusion is the size of the sensor and how it effects lens magnification. The truth is that the lens magnification remains the same irrespective of the size of the sensor used to capture images. A lens focused at a certain distance produces an image circle of a certain size at the image plane; this does not change when the lens is mounted on a full frame camera or on a crop sensor camera. The only difference is that the crop sensor only captures the center portion of the image cropping away the rest.

    Does this mean magnification obtained is the same when a lens is mounted on a full frame camera and on a crop sensor camera?


    Full Frame Camera Sensor Vs APS C Camera Sensor
    Full Frame Camera Sensor Vs APS C Camera Sensor


    No even though the actual magnification produced by the lens at the image plane remains the same you will get more magnification when it is mounted on a crop sensor camera than when used on a full frame camera.

    For example:

    A 100mm macro lens set to 1:1 magnification will project an image in life size on the sensor plane. So if a subject measuring 15mm is shot at the same setting using the same lens set to 1:1 but using two different cameras, one a full frame camera and another a crop sensor camera, the full frame camera will be recoding an image which is 15mm on a sensor that is 24mm x 36mm in size, the subject will be half the height of the sensor. But on a crop sensor camera with a sensor size of 15.7mm X 23.7mm the 15mm subject will fill most of the frame. So for practical purposes, you do get more magnification with the smaller sensor, the subject fills up more of the image frame.

    Macro Focal Length


    Generally macro lenses are grouped into three heads according to their focal length, they are:

    • Normal (macro lenses with focal lengths of 50mm – 60mm)
    • Short Tele Photo (macro lenses with focal lengths of 90mm-105mm) and
    • Tele Macro  (macro lenses with focal lengths of 180mm-200mm).


    The major differences between these lenses are in their working distance and perspective. The longer the focal length, the greater the working distance and vice versa. 1:1 magnification will be achieved by a 50mm lens at a distance of approximately 8 inches where as a short tele macro will achieve the same magnification at around 12 inches and a tele macro at 19 inches. 

    Macro Lens Focal length and Working Distance
    Macro Lens Focal length and Working Distance


    Remember in macro photography especially of live subjects (read skittish insects) working distance is often crucial to getting the shot, longer working distance also makes lighting the subject much easier. Now about perspective shooting closer to the subject expands perspective, while shooting from farther away compresses it. so shorter focal lengths provide an immersed feel but reduces chances of getting the shot, longer focal length lenses compresses the perspective thereby producing flat images but the longer working distance greatly increases your chance of getting the shot.

    However when selecting the focal length required you should also consider some other factors, one is the crop factor of your cameras sensor. An APS-C sensor with a crop factor of 1.5x or 1.6x will turn the above macro lenses into 75mm, 150mm and 300mm respectively.

    Cross Compatibility


    All macro lenses designed to be used with full frame cameras could also be used with APS-C cameras but not all lenses designed for APS-C format could be used on full frame cameras. For example APS-C-format Canon lenses can't be mounted on full frame Canon DSLRs; APS-C-format Nikon lenses can be mounted on full-frame Nikon DSLRs, but the camera will crop the image to DX format; APS-C-format Sony lenses can be mounted on full-frame Sony DSLRs, but will vignette; APS-C-format Sigma, Tamron and Tokina lenses are for APS-C-format DSLRs only; all Pentax DSLRs (except the new 645 medium-format model) are designed for APS-C sensors.

    So before choosing a particular lens (especially the one’s designed for APS-C cameras) think ahead, if there are chances that you will upgrade to a full frame system in future then it is recommended you go for lenses designed for full frame cameras.

    Internal Vs External Extension


    Lens elements are closest to the sensor when the lens is focused to infinity and they are farthest from the sensor when the lens is focused at its closest focusing distance. Achieving life size magnification requires the lens elements to move a considerable distance away from the sensor. In case of older lenses the front element will extend further forward as one focus closer and closer, this is very inconvenient as the lens could cast its shadow on the subject or even accidentally strike the subject while trying to focus. Modern macro lenses have Internal extension, here the lens does not extend forward as one focus closer instead it’s the inner elements that move to achieve focus.  This also allows for a closer minimum focusing distance and a more compact lens design as the internal elements are both considerably smaller and lighter than the front element; this also makes things easier for the AF motor, resulting in quicker auto focus.

    Macro Lenses - Auto Focus and Image Stabilization



    Canon 100mm f/2.8 IS USM Macro Lens
    Canon 100mm f/2.8 IS USM Macro Lens


    There are some macro lenses like the Canon 100mm f/2.8 IS USM which feature Canon’s ‘Hybrid’ optical image stabilization system designed to compensate for two distinct types of camera shake. Which not only detect and correct changes in the angle the lens is pointing by also compensates for vertical and horizontal shifts in the position of the lens caused by handshake. This has little benefit at long focusing distances, but as the subject gets closer and closer it becomes progressively more important.

    Photographers are divided on their opinion about the usefulness of autofocus and image stabilization at high magnifications. But my personal experience is that a macro lens such as a 100mm is not always used at 1:1 in fact most of the shots are taken at far less magnifications and when working in the field at less than ideal lighting conditions. I find both auto focus and image stabilization quite useful and is worth the extra money that you need to pay.

    So to conclude when choosing a macro lens, consider the following points:

    1. Amount of magnification required.
    2. Type of use (whether moving or stationary) this dictates the working distance and thus the focal length of the lens. (also consider sensor size when deciding focal lengths).
    3. Full Frame Lens Vs APS-C (if chances are you will upgrade to a full frame camera, choose a full frame lens)
    4. Image Stabilization & Auto Focus
    5. Lens Extension - Internal Vs External Extension

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